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双语推荐：腈菌唑

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采用湿法研磨工艺对含大豆油的40%腈菌唑增效悬浮剂的配方各组分进行了筛选和优化。获得了物化性能稳定的40%腈菌唑增效悬浮剂配方：40%腈菌唑、10%大豆油、3%SK-33SC、1%THB-1、0.5%33#、0.1%黄原胶XG、0.2%硅酸镁铝、5%乙二醇，去离子水补齐至100%。该制剂各项控制指标均符合悬浮剂的相关标准，并且药效显著，优于40%腈菌唑悬浮剂。
The preparation of myclobutanil 40% synergetic SC was studied by wet milling technology. A stable formulation was achieved by screening and optimizing the additives. Myclobutanil 40% synergetic SC had excellent physical and chemical properties, which was composed of myclobutanil 40%, soybean oil 10%, SK-33 SC 3%, THB-1 1%, 33# 0.5%, xanthan gum XG 0.1%, magnesium aluminium silicate 0.2%, ethylene glycol 5%, and deionized water making up to 100%. All specifications of the synergetic SC conformed to the requirements of SC, and its efficacies could be obviously improved compared with myclobutanil 40%SC.

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以三唑类杀菌剂腈菌唑和戊唑醇为对象，评价新型助剂在高含量可湿性粉剂中的应用情况。结果表明：羧甲基化木质素适合配制40%腈菌唑可湿性粉剂(WP)，磺化木质素适合配制80%戊唑醇可湿性粉剂。配制的试样悬浮率高，热贮稳定，各项技术指标符合可湿性粉剂的要求。
Using triazole fungicides myclobutanil and tebuconazole as active ingredients, novel adjuvants were evaluated in the application of high content WP. The results showed that the carboxymethylated lignin was suitable for preparation of myclobutanil 40% WP and the lignosulfonate for tebuconazole 80% WP. The two formulations were excellent with high suspension rates and storage stabilities in high temperature (54℃), and all the other specifications were in accordance with the technical standards of WP.

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采用菌丝生长速率法和浸渍法在室内测定了戊唑醇、氟啶胺、咯菌腈和杀螟丹及其混配剂对水稻恶苗病菌菌丝生长的抑制活性和对水稻干尖线虫的杀虫活性,并计算混剂的共毒系数。结果表明:戊唑醇、氟啶胺、咯菌腈和杀螟丹抑制水稻恶苗病菌菌丝生长的EC50值分别为0.3097、0.3342、1.0068和2077.27μg/mL;杀灭线虫的LD50值分别为2000、2000、2000和22.1177μg/mL。戊唑醇∶氟啶胺∶杀螟丹和戊唑醇∶咯菌腈∶杀螟丹按1∶2∶2的比例混配后对恶苗病菌的抑菌活性具增效作用,对干尖线虫的杀虫活性具相加作用。按此配比加工的12.5%戊唑醇·氟啶胺·杀螟丹WP和12.5%戊唑醇·咯菌腈·杀螟丹WP按1∶1000倍或1∶1200倍液浸种48 h对水稻恶苗病的防治效果较好,对水稻种子发芽和成苗安全。
The inhibitory activity of Tebuconzole , Fluazinam, Fludioxonil, Cartap, and their mixtures to the hyphal growth of Fusarium verticillioides Nirenberg, and their nematicidal activity to Aphelenchoides besseyi were tested in laboratory by using mycelial growth rate method and dipping method , respectively, and the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) of their mixtures was determined by u-sing Sunyunpei''s method.The results showed that the EC50 values of Tebuconzole, Fluazinam, Fludioxonil and Cartap against the hyphal growth of F.verticillioides were 0.3097, 0.3342, 1.0068 and 2077.27 μg/mL respectively, and their LD50 values against A.besseyi were more than 2000, more than 2000, above 2000, and 22.1177μg/mL respectively.Both the mixture of Tebuconzole+Fluazinam +Cartap (1∶2∶2) and the mixture of Tebuconzole +Fludioxonil +Cartap (1∶2∶2) had the best inhibitory effi-ciency on the hyphal growth of F.verticillioides and the best nematicidal efficiency on A.besseyi.In the field te

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采用菌丝生长速率法在室内测定了16种杀菌剂对草莓枯萎病菌的毒力。结果表明,戊唑醇、烯唑醇、申嗪霉素、苯醚甲环唑、腈菌唑、氰烯菌酯、吡唑醚菌酯、三唑酮、超敏蛋白、嘧菌酯、恶霉灵、乙蒜素、氨基寡糖素、多菌灵、春雷霉素和井冈霉素对草莓枯萎病菌的EC50值分别为0.1544、0.1658、0.4455、0.7891、2.9167、3.0657、3.3535、3.4188、5.0728、6.5805、7.0021、16.6701、21.2633、24.2783、35.3456和101.1356μg/mL。供试草莓枯萎病菌对不同杀菌剂的敏感性差异较大,对其中的戊唑醇最敏感。
We determined the indoor toxicity of 16 kinds of fungicides to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.fragariae by using myceli-um growth rate method .The results indicated that the EC 50 values of Tebuconazole , Diniconazole , Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid , Difenoconazole, Myclobutanil, Phenamacril, Pyraclostrobin, Triadimefon, Harpin protein, Azoxystrobin, Hymexazol, Ethylicin, Oligosaccharins, Carbendazim, Kasugamycin and Jinggangmycin against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.fragariae were 0.1544, 0.1658, 0.4455, 0.7891, 2.9167, 3.0657, 3.3535, 3.4188, 5.0728, 6.5805, 7.0021, 16.6701, 21.2633, 24.2783, 35.3456 and 101.1356 μg/mL respectively.Therefore, the tested Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.fragariae was differently sensitive to 16 fungicides , and was the most sensitive to Tebuconazole .

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建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定化妆品中腈菌唑的方法。试样经乙腈提取,正己烷萃取除去脂溶性杂质,氮气吹干富集,采用UPLC-MS/MS,以C18色谱柱分离,电喷雾电离(ESI),正离子,多反应监测(MRM)模式检测,外标法定量。在1~100 ng·mL-1范围内,线性相关系数0.99;添加回收率范围82.4~91.5%,相对标准偏差(RSD)4.8%~9.5%,方法定量下限0.5μg·kg-1。该方法快速、检测灵敏度高,可适用于各类化妆品中腈菌唑的测定。
A method for determination of myclobutanil in cosmetics by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spec-trometric was established. The samples were extracted with acetonitrile,and then hexane was used to remove the fat-soluble impuri-ties. The purified samples were enriched with nitrogen gas and were injected into UPLC-MS/MS. The analysis was carried out in the multiple reaction monitoring( MRM) mode by employing the external standard method. The calibration curves showed good linearity in the range of 1 ~100 ng·ml-1 with correlation coefficients larger than 0. 99. The average recoveries were between 82. 4% ~91. 5%with RSD of 4. 8% ~9. 5%. The limit of quantitation(LOQ)was 0. 5μg·kg-1. The method is fast-speed,high sensitivity,and could be applied for quantitative determination of myclobutanil residue in cosmetics.

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亚粘团镰孢霉引起的玉米顶腐病是我国玉米生产上的一种新病害。在室内采用菌丝生长速率法测定8种杀菌剂对亚粘团镰孢霉的抑菌效果。结果表明,25 g/L咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂的EC50最小,病原菌对其敏感性最高,抑菌效果最好;60 g/L戊唑醇悬浮种衣剂和80%多菌灵可湿性粉剂的EC50较小,病菌对其敏感性也较高,抑菌效果也较好;97%烯酰吗啉可湿性粉剂的EC50最大,病菌对其敏感性最低,抑菌效果最差。通过温室种子包衣效果,生产上可使用25 g/L咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂和60 g/L戊唑醇悬浮种衣剂来防治玉米顶腐病。同时通过室内毒素平皿培养进一步明确了经咯菌腈、戊唑醇和多菌灵对玉米种子包衣处理后,不同浓度的亚粘团镰孢霉毒素滤液对玉米胚根和胚芽生长的影响。
The corn top rot caused by Fusariurn subglutinans is a new disease on corn production in China. There were seldom domestic researches and system research reports and effective measures against the disease. Inhibition effect of 8 fungicides on Fusariurn subglutinans was measured. The results showed that the EC50 of 25 g/L fludioxonil floating suspeusion(FS) was the smallest. The sensitivity of pathogen to this fungicide was the highest, and its inhibito-ry effect was best. The EC50 of 60 g/L tebuconazole FS and 80%carbendazim wettable power(WP) were smaller, the sensitivity of pathogen to them was higher, and their inhibitory effect was better. The EC50 of 97%dimethomoph WP was the largest, the sensitivity of pathogen to it was the lowest, and its inhibition effect was the worst. The greenhouse seed coating suggested that the 25 g/L fludioxonil FS and 60 g/L tebuconazole FS could be applied in the control of the corn top rot. At the same time, the indoor toxicity experiment research has

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为了解三唑杀菌剂对水生生态系统的危害情况,以小球藻为模式生物,参照OECD201的方法,调查了17种三唑杀菌剂对小球藻的生长抑制作用。结果显示：不同杀菌剂的毒性差异较大。其中,氟硅唑和腈菌唑的毒性最大,属于剧毒化合物;粉唑醇、环唑醇、三唑醇、三环唑、多效唑、烯效唑和氟环唑的毒性相对较小,属于有害化合物;其余几种为有毒化合物。本研究结果为三唑杀菌剂的安全应用及对水生生态系统的风险评价提供科学依据。
To understand the hazards of triazole fungicides on aquatic ecosystems, the author investigated the growth inhibition of 17 kinds of triazole fungicides on Chlorella phrenoidosa according to the OECD 201 method. The results showed that: the toxicity of different fungicides was quite different. Flusilazole and myclobutanil were very toxic compounds with the highest toxicity to Chlorella phrenoidosa. Flutriafol, cyproconazole, triadimenol, tricyclazole, poclobutrazol, uniconazole and epoxiconazole were harmful compounds with the lower toxicity. Other triazole fungicides were toxic compounds. The results of this study provided the scientific basis for security applications and risk assessment of triazole fungicides.

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应用10种杀菌剂，在种衣剂中有效成分含量0.1%~1.0%内设置5个浓度梯度，通过发芽试验筛选出较佳用量及较优杀菌剂。结果表明，最佳浓度为：福美双、多菌灵、萎锈灵、苯醚甲环唑、甲基托布津0.3%，五氯硝基苯、百菌清、咯菌腈、立枯磷0.5%，恶霉灵0.6%；最佳杀菌剂为苯醚甲环唑，其次为萎锈灵。可为研制甜菜种衣剂提供理论依据。
Fungicides controlling beet damping-off were selected by 5 concentrations in indoor germination stage. The results showed that optimum concentration was of 0.3% thiram, carbendazim, carboxin, difenoconazole and thiophanate methyl; of 0.5% quintozene, chlorothalonil, fludioxonil and tolclofos; 0.6% hymexazol. The best control effect on beet damping-off was difenoconazole and carboxin as the second.

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建立了液相色谱-串联质谱同时快速测定水果蔬菜中唑菌酮等18种弱酸性农药残留的方法。样品采用1％乙酸-乙腈提取、无水硫酸镁及乙酸钠盐析、C18分散固相萃取净化。考察了唑菌酮在电喷雾离子源的离子化效率，发现在负离子电离模式下加乙酸铵能显著提高唑菌酮的离子化效率。液相色谱以CSH C18色谱柱进行分离，5 mmol/L乙酸铵-乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱。质谱分析采用电喷雾负离子电离、多反应监测模式，以基质匹配校准曲线外标法进行定量分析。18种农药在8种基质（青花菜、大葱、胡萝卜、荷兰豆、香菇、苹果、猕猴桃、橙）中3个添加水平（10，20，100μg/kg）的回收率为71.4％~119.7％，相对标准偏差为1.2％~10.0％。18种农药的定量下限（ S/N≥10）为0.1~2.0μg/kg。方法简便、灵敏、环保，适用于水果蔬菜中唑菌酮等18种弱酸性农药残留的测定。
A rapid method for the simultaneous determination of 18 weakly acidic pesticide residues including famoxadone in fruits and vegetables was developed using liquid chromatography -tandem mass spectrometry( LC-MS/MS). The samples were extracted with acetonitrile containing 1% acetic acid,and salted out with anhydrous magnesium sulphate and anhydrous sodium acetate. The extracts were cleaned up by dispersive solid phase extraction using C18 as sorbents. The ionization efficiency of famoxadone during atmospheric pressure ionization was studied. The result showed that ammonium acetate provided can significantly improve the ionization efficiency of famoxadone under negative elec-trospray ionization mode. Chromatographic analysis was carried out on a CSH C18 column using 5 mmol/L ammonium acetate-acetonitrile as mobile phase by gradient elution. Pesticides were ana-lyzed by negative electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry under multiple reaction monitoring mode. Quantificati

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采用高效液相色谱法测定40%戊唑·多菌灵SC,使用C18色谱柱,以V(乙腈)∶V(水)=80∶20为流动相,在柱温45℃、波长277 nm、流速1.0 mL/min的色谱条件下进行分析。戊唑醇和多菌灵的标准偏差分别为0.084和0.075,相对标准偏差分别为0.28%和0.73%,线性相关系数分别为0.9993和0.9995,平均回收率分别为99.36%和99.96%,方法达到了分析的要求。
An analysis method of tebuconazole+carbendazim 40%SC was developed by HPLC with C18 column at 45℃ and UV detector at 277 nm. The mobile phase was acetonitrile+water (volume ratio of 80︰20), and the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. The results showed that the standard deviations of tebuconazole and carbendazim were 0.084 and 0.075, the relative standard deviations were 0.28% and 0.73%, the linear correlation coefficients were 0.999 3 and 0.999 5, the average recoveries were 99.36%and 99.96%, respectively. The method met the requirements of analysis.

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