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双语推荐：豆甾醇

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为了研究豆甾醇在甲苯-乙醇二元溶剂中的溶解特性;采用动态法测定豆甾醇在甲苯-乙醇二元溶剂中的溶解度,并采用Appellant模型对豆甾醇溶解度与温度的关系进行拟合。实验结果表明在实验温度范围内,当二元溶剂中的甲苯体积分数相同时,豆甾醇的溶解度随着温度的升高而增加;在温度相同时,随着甲苯-乙醇二元溶剂中的甲苯体积分数的增加,豆甾醇的溶解度呈先增加后减小的趋势。当甲苯-乙醇二元溶剂中的甲苯体积分数为0.8时,豆甾醇的溶解度最大。采用Appellant模型对豆甾醇在甲苯-乙醇二元溶剂中溶解度与温度进行拟合,标准偏差小,精度高。
To study the dissolution characteristics of stigmasterol in toluene-ethanol solvent, the dynamic method was adopted to measure the solubility of stigmasterol in toluene-ethanol solvent, and the Appellant model was used to fit the relationship between the solubility of stigmasterol and temperature. The experimental results showed that, within the range of test temperature, the solubility of stigmasterol increases with the rise of temperature when the volume fraction of toluene remains the same;the solubility of stigmasterol increases first and then decreases subsequently with the increase of the volume fraction of toluene when the temperature remains the same. When the volume fraction of toluene of the toluene-ethanol solvent was equal to 0.8, the solubility of stigmasterol reached the peak level. The Appellant model can achieve a small standard deviation and high precision for fitting the relationship between the solubility of stigmasterol and temperature.

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建立银柴胡中α-菠甾醇和豆甾-7-烯醇含量测定的方法。采用薄层扫描法，以525 nm为测定波长，700 nm为参比波长，α-菠甾醇（α-spinasterol）和豆甾-7-烯醇（stigmast-7-enol）的混合物（1：3）为对照品，测定银柴胡中α-菠甾醇和豆甾-7-烯醇的含量。α-菠甾醇和豆甾-7-烯醇含量在21.46～107.30μg/μL 范围内呈良好的线性关系（r=0.9911），平均回收率为99.5%（RSD=4.8%）。结论该方法简单、省时、损失小，可用于测定银柴胡中α-菠甾醇和豆甾-7-烯醇的含量。
A method to determine α- spinach sterols and bean-7-ol contents in silver Bupleurum was established. TLC scanning method was used to determine α- spinach sterols and bean-7-ol contents in silver Bupleurum by using 525 nm as determining wavelength and 700 nm as reference wavelength, the mixtureof α- spinasterol (α-spinasterol) and bean-7-ol (stigmast-7-enol) (1: 3) as reference sample. The results show that, α- spinach sterols and bean-7-ol content in 21.46~107.30 μg/μL show a good linear relationship (r= 0.991 1), the average recovery is 99.5% (RSD = 4.8%). The method is simple, time-saving, small loss, and can be used to determine the content of α- spinach sterols and beans-7-enol in silver Bupleurum.

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以白花蛇舌草为原料,选取乙酸乙酯为提取剂,采用微波辅助提取白花蛇舌草中的豆甾醇。以豆甾醇的提取率为考察指标,在单因素实验的基础上,通过正交试验L9（34）对提取工艺进行了优化,结果表明,微波辅助提取白花蛇舌草中豆甾醇的最佳提取工艺条件为：微波温度60℃、微波时间3 min、微波功率500 W,液料比9 mL/g。在此最佳工艺条件下,豆甾醇的提取率可达到为21.18%。
The optimal condition, for extracting stigmasterol from oldenlandia using ethyl acetate as the ex-tracting agent was investigated, via microwave-assisted extraction technology using the extraction rate of flavonoids as an indicator through the orthogonal test method on the basis of a single factor experiment. The results showed that the extraction rate was up to 21.18% under the optimum extraction condition, e.g. microwave temperature 60 ℃, microwave time 3 min, microwave power 500 W and the ratio of liquid to material 9 mL/g.

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以乙酸乙酯为提取剂,以大豆油为原料,采用超声波辅助提取大豆油中的豆甾醇,在单因素实验的基础上,通过正交试验L9(34)对提取工艺进行了优化,结果表明,超声辅助提取大豆油中豆甾醇最佳工艺条件为:超声温度50℃、超声时间40min和液料比19mL/g。在此最优条件下,豆甾醇的提取率最高,可达到34.15%。
Selecting ethyl acetate as the extraction solvent, using soybean oil as raw material, the ultrasonic wave-assisted extraction conditions of stigmasterol from soybean oil were optimized through L9 (34) orthogonal experiments on the base of single factor. The results showed that the optimum conditions were as follows: ultrasonic temperature 50℃, ultrasonic time 40 min, ratio of liquid to material 19 mL/g, and under these conditions, the extraction rate can reach to 34.15%.

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分离鉴定爵床科观音草属植物山蓝的化学成分。采用硅胶柱色谱、重结晶方法对山蓝乙醇提取物进行分离纯化，利用红外、质谱、核磁共振技术进行结构鉴定，得到15个化合物，分别为二十八醇(1)，硬脂酸(2)，β-谷甾醇(3)，豆甾醇(4)，棕榈酸(5)，月桂酸(6)，尿囊素(7)，棕榈醇(8)，芝麻素(9)，齐墩果酸(10)，β-胡萝卜苷(11)，尿嘧啶(12)，腺嘌呤(13)，十八烷基葡萄糖苷(14)，柠檬酸(15)。除β-谷甾醇，豆甾醇和β-胡萝卜苷外，其余12个化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。
Chemical investigation on ethanol extract of Peristrophe roxburghiana yielded 15 compounds by column chromatography and recrystallization.Their structures were elucidated by IR,MS and NMR techniques as Octaco-sanol(1),Stearic acid(2),β-Sitosterol(3),Stigmasterol(4),Palmic acid(5),Lauric acid(6),Allantoin(7),Hexade-canol(8),Sesamin(9),Oleanolic acid(10),β-Daucosterol(11),Uracil(12),Adenine(13),Octadecyl-glucoside(14)and Citric acid(15),respectively.And all the compounds except 3,4 and 11 were obtained and reported from P .rox-burghiana for the first time.

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采用反相高效液相色谱法（ RP-HPLC ）测定青荚叶中豆甾醇的含量，色谱柱为 Thermo C18柱（250 mm ×4.6 mm，5μm），流动相为甲醇：水（97：3），流速1.0 mL/min，进样量20μL，检测波长210 nm。结果表明，豆甾醇进样量在0.216~2.16μg，其峰面积与浓度呈良好的线性关系（ R2=0.9995），回收率为97.79%。方法专属性强，准确可靠，可用于青荚叶中豆甾醇的含量测定。
Using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography( RP-HPLC )to determine the content of stigmasterol in Helwingia,the chromatographic column was Thermo C18 column( 250 mm × 4. 6 mm,5μm),the mobile phase of methanol:water(97:3),flow rate of 1. 0 mL/min,the injection vol-ume was 20 μL,the detection wavelength was 210 nm. Results showed that stigmasterol sample volume in 0. 216~2. 16μg range,there was a good linear relationship between the peak area and concentration(R2=0. 999 5),the recovery rate was 97. 79%. This method is specific,accurate and reliable,and can be used for content determination of stigmasterol in Helwingia.

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植物甾醇为植物油中的一种天然组分，植物甾醇中主要包括β-谷甾醇、豆甾醇等一类以环戊烷全氢菲为骨架的天然生理活性物质，能够有效抑制肠道对外源性胆固醇的吸收，从而降低血清中总胆固醇的水平。而植物甾醇酯(PE)是它的酯化产物，与植物甾醇相比具有更佳的脂溶性和更优的降血清胆固醇功效，可作为一类具有降低血清胆固醇、预防心血管疾病等功效的新型功能食品添加剂。而植物甾醇酯与植物甾醇相比，能比较方便地添加到油脂或含油脂的食品中。本文介绍了植物甾醇酯合成的研究概况，并阐述了化学法、酶法、离子液体法、无溶剂直接酯化法合成植物甾醇酯，为研发高效、环保、可靠、安全的植物甾醇酯提供参考，同时也为进一步的研究植物甾醇酯的合成技术提供参考意见。
ABSTRACT:Phytosterol is a kind of natural components of the vegetable oil including stigmasterol andβ-sitosterol,etc. Phytosterol can inhibit intestinal exogenous cholesterol absorption and reduce serum total cholesterol levels and so on. Phytosterol esters have better lipid solubility and cholesterol lowering effect than Phytosterol, furthermore, it is a new functional food additive to reduce serum cholesterol and prevent cardiovascular disease. Phytosterol esters can be more easily added to the grease or greasy foods than phytosterol. This article described the synthesis of phytosterol esters overview and introduced the chemical method, enzymatic method, ionic liquid method and solvent-free direct esterification synthesis about synthesis of phytosterol esters to develop an efficient, environmentally friendly, reliable and safe phytosterol esters synthesis technology and provide a reference for people to further studythe synthesis of phytosterol esters.

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目的：研究广藿香Pogostemon cablin（Blanco） Benth．地上部分的化学成分。方法：采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20及反相C18柱色谱等分离，运用波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果：从广藿香地上部分中分离鉴定了13个化合物，分别为：百秋李醇（1）、广藿香酮（2）、木栓酮（3）、表木栓醇（4）、齐墩果酸（5）、齐墩果酸甲酯（6）、50α-豆甾-3，6-二酮（7）、豆甾-4-烯-3-N（8）β-谷甾醇（9）、藿香黄酮醇（10）、5-羟基-3，3’，4’，7-四甲氧基黄酮（11）、（一）-愈创木基丙三醇（12）和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（13）。结论：其中，化合物6、7、8、12和13为首次从该属植物中分离得到。
Objective:To investigate the chemical constituents of the aerial parts of Pogostemon cablin.Methods:The constituents were isolated by column chromatography over silica gel,Sephadex LH-20 and C18.Structures were identified by spectroscopic data analysis.Results:Thirteen compounds were obtained and elucidated as patchouli alcohol (1),pogostone (2),friedelin (3),epifriedelinol (4),oleanolic acid (5),methyl oleanolate (6),5 α-stigmast-3,6-dione (7),stigmast-4-ene-3-one (8),β-sitosterol (9),pachypodol (10),retusin (11),(-)-guaiacylglycerol (12) and dibutyl phthalate (1 3).Conclusion:Compounds 6,7,8,12 and 13 are isolated from this genus for the first time.

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为探讨山茶科(Theaceae)柃木属植物米碎花(Eurya chinensis R.Brown)茎枝的化学成分,从米碎花茎枝95%乙醇提取物中分离得到8个化合物。根据现代波谱技术和文献对照,鉴定其结构分别为:高根二醇(1)、白桦酸(2)、木栓酮(3)、羽扇豆醇(4)、β-谷甾醇(5)、豆甾醇(6)、邻羟基苯甲醛(7)、正二十九烷醇(8)。所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。
To study the chemical constituents ofEurya chinensisR. Brown, eight compounds were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract of its stems. They were identiifed by comparison of their spectroscopic data with those reported in the literature and elucidated as: erythrodiol (1), betulinic acid (2), friedelin (3), lupeol (4), β-sitosterol (5), stigmasterol (6), salicylic aldehyde (7), nonacosanol (8). All the compounds were obtained fromEurya chinensis for the ifrst time.

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研究海州常山叶的化学成分.方法:应用硅胶、ODS、Sephadex LH-20柱层析,半制备液相等色谱技术,结合重结晶方法对海州常山叶的石油醚萃取物进行化学成分研究,并应用1H-NMR、13C-NMR、2D-NMR、MS等波谱技术鉴定化合物结构.结果:从石油醚萃取物中分离鉴定了10个化合物,分别为:羽扇豆醇(1)、木栓酮(2)、白桦脂酸(3)、蒲公英赛醇(4)、22-脱氢赪桐甾醇(5)、赪桐甾醇(6)、豆甾醇(7)、β-谷甾醇(8)、植物醇(9)、1H-吲哚-3-羧酸(10).结论:其中,化合物10为首次从大青属植物中分离得到,化合物1、3～4、7～10为首次从该植物中分离得到.
Objective:To investigate the chemical constituents of the leaves of Clerodendrum trichotomum.Methods:The chemical constituents of petroleum ether extract of the leaves of Clerodendrum trichotomum were isolated and purified by various chromatographic techniques,such as silica gel,ODS,Sephadex LH-20,semi-preparative HPLC and recrystallization.The structures of these isolated compounds were identified by spectroscopic analysis(1H-NMR,13C-NMR,2D-NMR and MS).Results:Ten compounds were isolated and identified from petroleum ether extract,containing four triterpenes,lupeol (1),friedelin (2),betulinic acid (3) and taraxerol (4) ; four sterols,22-dehydroclerosterol (5),clerosterol (6),stigmasterol (7) and sitosterol (8) ; one diterpenoid,trans-phytol (9),and one alkaloid,1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid(10).Conclusion:Compound 10 is obtained from the genus Clerodendrum for the first time,and seven compounds(1,3 ～4,and 7 ～10)are firstly isolated from this plant.

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