身体动作是体育的基本构成单元,也是体育人类学的首要研究对象。身体动作是一种文化符号,体育本身是一个承载和表述社会文化意义的象征系统,一项民族传统体育,就是一本以身体动作书写的民族精神文化史。中国体育人类学在对中华民族传统体育的长期田野调查和多次研究实践中,逐渐摸索和提炼出了以民族传统体育的身体动作为主要分析对象的身体动作分析法,它致力于研究体育身体动作的文化意义,实施步骤包括：1）拍摄真实完整的身体动作影像;2）典型动作的参与式分析;3）对资料的比较分析和理论构建。身体动作分析法可以支持书写深入到身体动作的完整的民族体育志,也可通过研究东巴跳和东巴文的关系来探索身体动作与原始文字的关系。推而广之,还可用于研究身体动作与其他文化要素（原始宗教、原始艺术等）的互动关系,从而深化对民族传统体育在民族文化发生和发展过程中的特殊地位和独特作用的认识。

A body motion is the basic unit of sports and the primary study object of sport an‐thropology .Body motions in sports are cultural symbols .Sport is a symbolic system which car‐ries and expresses social and cultural meanings .An ethnic sport is a book of the history of na‐tional spiritual culture w ritten by body motions .Chinese sport anthropology has explored and refined the analysis method of body motions in the long‐term field work and study practices on Chinese traditional national sports .It is used for interpreting cultural meanings of body motions in sports .The analysis method of body motions in sport anthropology has three implement pro‐cedures as follows :1 ) taking photos and shooting video of authentic and complete body mo‐tions ;2) participatory analyzing typical body motions ;3) analyzing materials and constructing theories .Researchers can apply the analysis method of body motions to w riting sport ethnogra‐phy from the perspective of body movements and

在革命经典文本中,对于身体及其欲望的基本处理路径就是政治化,用马克思主义式的宏大叙事进行规约和编码;而在＂后革命时代＂,马克思主义式的宏大叙事已因语境的延异而陷入绝境,发生了认识论断裂,表征为各种微观的文化政治。近年来,＂底层书写＂对身体、政治和性进行解辖域化并生成为微观政治。通过对《少男》文本能指的认知论断裂分析,比较这两种同具左翼色彩的文本对身体、政治及性之关系的异质性编码路向深描,尝试挖掘文本欲望叙事的生命政治踪迹。

The basic way to deal with the body and desire is to politicize, displine and encode it with Marxism grand narrative in revolutionary canonical texts. Marxism grand narrative representing, however, in post-revolution era, micro-cultural politics falls into aporias because of contextual differance in politics, thus epistemological rupture comes into being. Bottom narrative, in recent years, deterritorializes body, politics and sexuality and becomes micro-politics. The trace of biopolitics in textual desire is delved, thick description of encoding way to heterogeneity by comparison of the two different leftism texts on the relation armong body, politics and sexuality on the basis of the exact analysis of text signifier of the novel Boy by means of epistemological rupture.

当代海外华文女作家当中,虹影以其离经叛道的性格和越轨的笔致在中国文坛中落地开花。她以多元化的＂世界作者＂的身份,从女性的角度来观察和体悟自身,释放女性潜能,突破以往女性身体书写的＂私语化＂的庸俗窠臼,构建女性的独立话语;同时从人道主义的世界眼光出发,超越了通俗的两性欲望,提出人性终极问题,为当下女性写作提供了很好的范例。

Among the contemporary overseas Chinese female writers, Hongying shows up prominently with her deviant personality and misbehaving writing-style in the Chinese literary world. As a diversified"world author", she observes and comprehends herself from the perspective of women, which can release female potential abilities, break through the vulgar description of feminine physical privacy so as to build female independent discourse. Meanwhile, starting from the world vision of humanitarianism, she goes beyond the common sexual desire and puts forward the ultimate questions of humanity which provides a good sample for current female writing.

20世纪90年代以来,谢华的儿童文学作品得到了社会的广泛关注。她的创作从儿童身体和精神的双重苦难入手,刻画了当代儿童生存的迷茫、困惑与抗争,蕴含着浓厚的现实主义色彩。在写作中,谢华对儿童的弱势所倾注的情感,以及这些情感所引发的人性思考和反抗,丰富了其作品的意味。如何描写"苦难"是儿童文学关注的内容之一,而在谢华的作品中,书写成长、死亡和抗争无疑具有代表性和示范性。

Since 1990′s,Xie Hua′s works of children′s literature had obtained a lot of attention.From writing the body and the spiritu-al suffering of modern children,she built her creation,which contains a strong realistic color of confusion and resistance.In her writ-ing,Xie Hua pours her sentiments to children′s weakness and the sentiments motivate the readers′reflection of humanities and resist-ance with the rich connotation.How to write about the suffering is always an important part of children′s literature,and growth,death and resistance are typical and exemplary in her works.

20世纪是一个动荡不安的时代。为了实现富国自强，女性作为一股长期被忽视的力量得到前所未有的重视。不少“五四”女青年完成了由贤妻良母到新女性的转换，从幕后走上社会大舞台，以实现救亡图存的理想。鲁迅以个性解放、人道主义开启了中国人对新的身体存在形式的构想。张恨水则写了一系列女性积极谋生的作品，在一定程度上是对女性“出走”以后怎么办的解答。可以说，鲁迅是客观、清醒地思考女性命运的，但由于未能完全摆脱传统的男性视角，而无法真正进入女性的内心世界；张恨水则填补了鲁迅留下来的空白，他从女性立场去书写女性内在的精神创伤，并回答了“出走”以后怎么办的问题。

The 20th century was a turbulent era. In order to strive for a prosperous and self-reliant country, women, who had been ne-glected for a long time, got unprecedented attention. Many young women with the spirit of "May 4th Movement" completed the transition from mother of the family to mother of the country, stood out from behind to the society, and practiced their dreams to save the nation from subjugation and ensure its survival. Lu Xun opened up Chinese people''s new conception of the existence of the body form by personal liberation and humanitarian idea:Zhang Henshui wrote a series of works that women actively made a living These works gave answer to how these women were supposed to do after running away It can be said that Lu Xun reflected on female destiny objectively and clearly. But his failure to completely get rid of the traditional male perspective made him have no access to the entrance to the real inner world of women. Then Zhang Henshui filled the gaps left by L