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双语推荐：颜色映射

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颜色词隐喻是指以颜色域为源域，将颜色域的意象映射到非颜色的或抽象域上，使得我们可以通过颜色概念来理解和思考。本文从认知的角度对颜色隐喻进行了研究。隐喻是不同认知域之间的映射，特别是将一个比较熟悉易于理解的源域的框架映射到一个不熟悉较难理解的目标域之上。在这种映射过程中，由于源域中概念的利用有利于目标域中概念的理解和表达。
Color metahor translation is a cognitive activity in the sense that one tends to explain or understand the abstract concept in terms of the sense of colors. This thesis studies the color metaphor from the perspective of cognitive. Metaphor arises from mapping among different cognitive domains, especially the mapping from familiar and easily-understood source domain onto unfamiliar and abstract target domain. And through the mapping, the concepts of the target domain of the abstract concept is understood and expressed in terms of that in the source domain of the color.

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基于OpenGL结合MFC设计了显示大量数据的显示系统。显示系统使用颜色等深图显示数据的变化情况，设计中系统地解决了3个问题：首先提出了将数据依据数值大小映射到颜色的颜色映射方案；其次提出了在MFC架构下使用OpenGL进行绘图的框架，框架使用面向对象的方法解决了OpenGL与MFC衔接；最后在镜片面型显示中应用相关的设计结果，基于框架及颜色映射方案设计程序将镜片面型用颜色等深图的方法显示出来。实验结果证明，设计的数据显示系统可以方便地显示大规模的数据，在数据显示可视化中有着广泛的应用。
The system to display large scale data was designed based on MFC and OpenGL. The system uses different co?lours to display the variation of data. Three problems were solved systematically in the design. The color mapping method is pro?posed,which maps the data to different colors according to data’s value. A drawing framework using object?oriented approach to settle down the connection between OpenGL and MFC is put forward. The relevant design results are applied to the lens’surface figure display to display the lens’surface shape by color depth map based on the framework and the color mapping method. The experiment results prove that the display system designed can display large scale data conveniently,and can be widely used in data visualization.

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该文将颜色映射与点图标映射方法相结合，最终实现了旋风分离器速度场可视化。为寻求设备中的物质的运动规律，需要将速度场表示出来。点图标方法是最简单最直观的矢量场映射方法，虽然矢量的方向可以被直观、准确的表示，但用图标的大小表示矢量的大小，极易产生视觉混乱，在旋风分离器内的速度场可视化中，将点图标映射方法与颜色映射相结合，使用VC++与OpenGL成功实现了旋风分离器内的速度场可视化。
This paper focuses on intensively study in Visualization of Vector Field in order to realize Vector Field Visualization of the Cyclone Separator. The algorithms that combining both arrow plot mapping and color mapping was applied to realize Ve?locity field Visualization of The Cyclone Separator. In order to find the rule of flow ,velocity vector should be imaged. The most simple and obvious way to visualize a velocity field is arrow plot mapping arithmetic. However, the output imaging was confus?able. Arrow plot mapping arithmetic with color was applied to Velocity field simulation of The Cyclone Separator. Using VC++and OpenGL the perfect output imaging was obtained.

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针对显示器图像颜色复现问题,提出了一种基于图像质量评价和图像分割-融合策略的色域映射算法。详细分析了各类色域映射算法的特点并选取4种算法作为基本色域映射算法。提出了一种色域映射图像质量评价算法,并选用SLIC超像素算法对源图像分割。使用基本色域映射算法对源图像进行映射处理,并计算每个分块内各映射图像与源图像的相似度。根据每个图像分块的相似度,对基本色域映射图像进行选择综合处理并融合成最终图像。最后以LED显示屏和LCD显示器为例,对本文提出的算法和其他基本色域映射算法进行主观评价对比实验。实验结果证明本文算法在图像颜色保真效果上要明显优于其他算法,但是在计算速度上仍有待优化。
To solve the image color reproduction problems for display devices,a gamut mapping algo-rithm based on image quality assessment and image segmentation-fusion strategy was proposed. Firstly,different sorts of gamut mapping algorithms were analyzed in detail and 4 algorithms were chosen as basic algorithms.And then,a gamut mapping image quality assessment method was pro-posed,and SLIC superpixel algorithm was used to carry out the source image segmentation.Gamut mapping was applied to the source image with the basic algorithms,and similarity was calculated within each image segment between mapped images and source image.According to the calculated similarities,each mapped image was chosen and comprehensively processed,and fused to the final image.Finally,with LED display panel and LCD display as an example,a subjective evaluation experiment was made to the proposed algorithm and other basic gamut mapping algorithms.Experi-ment result shows that the proposed algorithm is apparently better

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研究采用 RGB 颜色分量加权和的全局映射，进行彩色到灰度的变换算法。根据彩色像素在不同颜色分量的统计信息，自动生成各颜色分量的灰度化权重，同时结合主客观图像质量标准，探索自适应的全局映射灰度化算法。实验证明，本文提出的新算法在多数测试图像上的灰度化效果与传统的灰度化算法效果相当，但对具有主题色的彩色图像可以获得显著改善的灰度图像视觉效果。
This paper studies the color to grayscale image conversion algorithms based on global mapping using linear combination of RGB color components. According to the statistical information of the color pixels in the different color components, the combination weights of different components are automatically generated to mapping color to grayscale. In combination with the subjective and objective image quality standards, we present an adaptive global mapping algorithm. Experimental results show that the new algorithm can perform as good as traditional color to grayscale algorithm on the majority of test images, but can outperform the traditional algorithm in case of dominant colors appears in the original image, and significantly improve the visual effect of the gray-scale image.

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针对常规的纹理映射方法制作三维地球时存在的颜色数据量大、对硬件图形显示要求较高及立体感不强的弊端,运用Matlab提供的专业的地球高程数据颜色映射表,提出了一种基于地球高程数据的三维地球模型制作方法,并通过坐标变化将弹道位置参数转化为地心大地直角坐标,从而在三维彩色地球的基础上,绘制出了三维弹道曲线,仿真试验表明,所制作的三维弹道模型立体感及真实感较强,为弹道仿真提供了一种有效手段。
As the traditional texture mapping method of drawing Earth has the shortcoming of great amount of color data, high requirement of hardware graphical display and the weak stereo perception, this paper proposed a method of modeling three-di?mensional Earth based on DEM data and the colormap provided by Matlab. It also draws the three-dimensional trajectory by transforming coordinates based on the Earth model above. The simulation results show that the model proposed by this paper has good three-dimensional effect and this paper provides an effective method of trajectory simulation.

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为提高钴‐60集装箱检查系统所得辐射图像的可识别度，提出一种基于图像灰度特性的伪彩色变换方法。该方法首先对辐射图像进行预处理，保证本底灰度的像素映射到灰度0附近，然后根据辐射图像的直方图，动态地将颜色表中的颜色分配到不同灰度上，并根据奥斯特瓦尔德颜色体系设置颜色表，使得彩色的显示更有层次感。该方法应用于某海关集装箱检查系统，取得了较好的显示效果。
In order to make it easier to identify objects in a radiation image obtained by container inspection system using cobalt‐60 source ,the method was described for trans‐forming a radiation gray image into a pseudo color image based on the image’ s gray characteristic .The radiation image was preprocessed so that pixel grays were mapped to a low range of grays .The colors in a color list were dynamically allocated to different grays according to histogram of the radiation image .The color list was set up according to Ostwald color order system ,so that the color display was more identifiable .This method was applied in a container inspection system of a customs and the display effect w as very good .

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针对如何在庞大但杂乱无章的海洋流场数据中获取有用信息，提出了建立三维动态可视化的World Wind平台。以Codar地波雷达采集到的三维空间数据为基础，对其进行了预处理，包括格式变换、提取有效数据经纬度和速度矢量信息（X、Y、U、V）和求取数据的最大范围，将处理后的每一时刻数据依据点图标映射法进行颜色映射，依照颜色映射结果，将处理后的每一时刻数据利用Direct3D技术绘制成流场箭头显示的形式，并在此基础上剪辑成视频，实现在World Wind平台上三维动态可视化的显示海洋流场信息。结果表明，该方法可直观展示流场信息的动态变化效果，并能为挖掘隐含信息提供方法。
To obtain useful information from large amounts of ocean flow field data, World Wind platform of 3D dynamic visualization was proposed. 3D space data which collected by Codar ground wave radar were prepro?cessed for format conversion, extraction of available data of latitude, longitude and the velocity vector information, and the maximum range of data calculation. Processed data of each moment was color mapped on the basis of point icon mapping method. According to the result of color mapping, the processed data of each moment were drawn into the flow field in the form of arrows using Direct3D technology. On this basis, it was edited into a video. The ocean environment information was showed on 3D dynamic visualization based on World Wind platform. The result indi?cates that the platform can directly show the effect of dynamic changes of the flow field information, and the plat?form can provide method to excavate the implied information.

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现有的视觉替代方法均是在特定环境中,通过目标识别获得映射特征,缺少普遍的适用性.针对这一问题,提出了一种基于注意模型的视觉替代方法.利用人眼的视觉特性,提取图像的感兴趣区域,并根据听觉显示的基本原理,提出了将感兴趣区域的位置、尺寸和颜色映射为音符响度、音长和音调的PSC映射方法.实验结果表明：将图像中引起视觉注意的区域映射为电子音符,符合人类视觉认知过程,有利于盲人获得外部环境的重要信息,降低了盲人训练和学习的难度,并且听感良好,不会造成听觉疲劳.
The existing vision substitution methods are only used in special environments because their mapping features are obtained by object recognition .Aiming at this problem ,a vision substitution method based on visual attention models is proposed . Firstly ,regions of interest are extracted according to human visual properties .And on the basis of the auditory display theory ,PSC mapping method is presented that the position ,size and color of regions of interest are respectively mapped into note loudness ,dura-tion and pitch .Results show that this method corresponds with the cognitive processes of human vision .It is good at helping the blind to obtain the important information and reducing the difficulty of training and learning .Moreover ,the mapped electronic music is pleasing to ear and enjoyable .

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多媒体技术的发展导致数字图像迅速增长,如何根据语义特征高效检索出满足用户要求的图像,已成为当前各行业迫切需要解决的问题。为此提出一种基于颜色、纹理和形状三种语义特征的图像检索方法,建立了颜色和纹理特征的语义描述,使用BP神经网络实现了低层视觉特征到高层语义特征的映射。选取Corel图像库作为测试图像库,实验通过与基于颜色语义特征的检索方法相比较,取得了良好的实验效果。
The development of multimedia technology has resulted in the rapid growth of digital images. It has become an urgent problem to retrieve images which can better meet the users'' requirements according to semantic features. A method on image retrieval based on three local features of color,texture and shape is proposed. The method builds semantic description of color and texture features,uses BP neural network to implement the mapping between low visual features and semantic features. Using Corel image database as testing image database,experiments have achieved good effect compared with the method only based on color semantic feature.

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