车辆蛇行运动稳定性是车辆动力学性能的重要内容。为了探讨货车转向架承载鞍横向加速度与车辆运行稳定性的关系,应用SIMPACK动力学性能仿真软件建立了某货车的动力学仿真模型,在随机载荷条件下进行仿真分析,并与UIC标准、AAR标准进行分析比较。结果表明,承载鞍横向振动加速度可以作为评判货车蛇行运动稳定性的参考指标。

Vehicle hunting stability is an important content of vehicle dynamic performance .In order to find out the relationship be-tween the lateral acceleration of wagon bogie adapter and vehicle running stability ,the paper establishes the dynamic simulation mod-el of a wagon by dynamic performance simulation software SIMPACK and conducts the simulation analysis while the wagon is under random load .Through comparing the simulated data with UIC standard and AAR standard ,the result shows that adapter’s lateral vibration acceleration can be used as reference index of wagon hunting stability .

为了研究适用于我国情况的高速铁路列车脱轨撞击临近结构的碰撞机理和设计方法,分析了欧洲规范EN1991-1-7中列车脱轨撞击临近结构条款制定所依据的英国铁路集团标准GC/RT5112和国际铁路联盟规程UIC777-2R,包括轨道两侧危险区域、作用荷载、预防措施等,介绍了欧洲规范EN1991-1-7中偶然荷载的设计策略,评述了对欧洲规范产生重要影响的列车脱轨撞击结构作用机理的主要研究成果.研究表明:欧洲规范关于列车脱轨结构撞击临近结构的研究方法和设计策略值得借鉴,但我国高铁站房结构特点、运行速度、道床做法、车辆编组等与欧洲均不同,需要根据我国的情况研究列车脱轨撞击临近结构问题.

In order to study the impact mechanism and design method for a derailed train impacting against adjacent structures that are applicable to Chinese high-speed train,the UK Railway Group Standards GC/RT5112 and International Union of Railways leaflet UIC777-2R are analyzed,which are the basis to develop the Eurocode EN1991-1-7 in terms of the impact from the derailed train against the nearby structures,including the danger zone on both sides of the track,impact loads,preventive measures,etc. Then,the design strategy of accidental loads in Eurocode EN1991-1-7 is introduced;the main research achivements that have important influence on Eurcode about the impact mechanism from the derailed train against structures are reviewed. The results show that the research methods and design strategies of the Eurocode about the impact of a derailed train on adjacent structures are worth learning,but Chinese railways are different from European ones in aspects of structural features of high-speed rail s

与政府主办的本科院校相比，开放式创新背景下独立学院产学研合作体系有其独特之处。在创新耦合的功能定位下，适宜采用以系部、专业或个人为主导直接提供技术咨询或技术服务的产学研合作模式。在合作体系内部，应努力推动和建立知识分享、组织学习和利益分配机制。为此，需建立适合独立学院发展特点的产学研合作绩效评价指标体系，创新商业模式设计和提高学院内部研发创新的激励力度。

Compared with other governmental undergraduate universities and colleges,independent colleges show particularities in Uni-versity-Industry-Cooperation (UIC)system.The main role of independent colleges inside the system of UIC is mediating function.In aspect of cooperation mode,the suitable mode for independent colleges is the one which department,subject or individual have domi-nant power,to supply direct technological consultation or service for firms.While for cooperation mechanism,independent colleges should try to establish knowledge sharing mechanism,organization learning mechanism and profit allocating mechanism inside the UIC system.For successful carrying out of UIC,independent colleges need to take effective countermeasures,including setting up an index system for performance evaluation of UIC with the characteristics of different colleges,innovating the design of business model,and im-proving the motivation policies for internal research and development of colleges.

在室内采用优化的全纯营养液、半纯营养液、半纯人工饲料及麦穗研磨汁液,通过人工饲养麦长管蚜,探讨了麦长管蚜人工饲养的最佳方法.结果表明:全纯营养液和优化的人工饲料可以为麦长管蚜提供生长所需的各种养料,满足存活的需要,优化的全纯营养液饲养麦长管蚜成活率最高,麦长管蚜12d存活率达50%以上;半纯人工饲料饲养麦长管蚜的存活率明显低于全纯营养液饲养,麦穗研磨汁液饲养麦长管蚜,存活率低,生长时间短,存活天数为8d.

Though the artificial rearing on Sitobion aveane,the best way of artificial rearing Sitobion aveane was discussed by using optimized holomorphic,semi-pure artificial and ear grinding j uice of wheat as nutrient solution.The results showed that the holomorphic and optimized artificial diet could provide a va-riety of nutrients which were needed for growth and the survival of Sitobion aveane,the 12-day survival rates were more than 50%;the survival rates of Sitobion aveane was low and it''s growth time was short when using the semi-pure artificial diet and ear grinding j uice of wheat.

酱鸭加工过程(盐腌、酱制、收汁、灭菌)中质构特性(硬度、弹性)和肌肉蛋白(肌浆蛋白、肌原纤维蛋白)降解的变化规律。结果表明:在盐腌过程中,鸭肉硬度呈现先升高后降低趋势,盐腌6h硬度最高,12h硬度最低;盐腌过程中的弹性总体呈下降趋势,腌制9h后弹性最低。酱制、收汁、灭菌过程鸭肉硬度明显高于盐腌过程,在酱制阶段,硬度变化不显著,经过灭菌后的酱鸭硬度有所下降;该过程中的鸭肉弹性低于盐腌过程,变化不显著。SDSPAGE电泳分析显示:在盐腌阶段,鸭肉肌原纤维蛋白中的α-肌动蛋白素条带比较稳定,其余的肌原纤维蛋白和肌浆蛋白均发生着不同程度的降解;而经过酱制、收汁、灭菌后,肌原纤维蛋白条带变少,肌浆蛋白中原先的蛋白条带消失,出现了一些新的蛋白条带。从盐腌开始到酱制结束,非蛋白氮含量下降,灭菌后含量增加;鸭肉重量在加工过程中下降,特别是经过0.5h的酱制后,鸭肉重量显著降低。

The changes of texture (hardness and elasticity)and degradation of muscle proteins (sarcoplas-mic and myofibrillar proteins)during processes (salting,saucing,juice absorbing and sterilization)of sauced duck were studied.During the salting process,the hardness of duck meat increased firstly then de-creased with the highest hardness achieved at 6h and the lowest one at 12 h.Generally,the elasticity de-creased during the salting process,down to the lowest level at 9 h.The hardness at saucing process,j uice absorbing and sterilization were higher than that at salting process.The hardness did not change obviously during the saucing process,but it decreased after sterilizing.The elasticity at saucing,j uice absorbing and sterilization were lower than that at salting process with no significant change SDS-PAGE results revealed thatα-actinin was stable while other myofibrillar proteins and sarcoplasmic proteins were degraded during the salting process.After saucing,j uice absorbing