整理异体字是促进汉字规范化和标准化的一项重要任务。《通用规范汉字表》在《第一批异体字整理表》范围内,甄别分析正异字组的义项用法,在对严格异体字和非严格异体字进行区别处理基础上,将部分异体字调整为规范字或特定用法上的规范字,并对原有的正异关系进行了相应的调整。

In the process of promoting the standardization of Chinese characters,one important task is to regulate the variant Chinese characters.The List of General Standard Chinese Characters is de-veloped on the basis of The First Batch of Standard Forms of Words with Non-standard Variant Forms .It discriminates and analyzes the meanings and usages of standard forms and non-standard va-riant forms,treats the strict and non-strict variant forms discriminately,redefines certain variant forms as the standard forms or standard forms with specific usages,and adjusts the original relations accordingly.

义近形符的通用常被说成是一种构成异体字的手段和方式，其实应当是异体字的性质所决定的必然现象，即异体字中形成差异的形旁往往是义近的。但不能反过来，由意义相近的形符构成的有差异的字形就一定是一字异体(即相通)。《说文》中由“止、足、走、辵、彳、行”等六个义近形符构成的文字，通用与对立同时存在，且对立远多于通用。

Although the general usage of synonymous character’s form is described as a way or a method for makingYitizi,the phenomena should be formed by the nature ofYitizi.However,it cannot say that the different characters made by synonymous character’s forms are Yitizi.In Shuowen,the characters made by “Zhi,Zu,Zou,Chuo,Chi and Xing”six synonymous character’s forms show that the general usage and opposition of these forms simultaneously existed,and the opposition are greatly more common than the general usage.

《通用规范汉字表》附件1中附录了《规范字与繁体字、异体字对照表》,并且在该表的说明中明确表示：＂本表的编制是为了指导正确使用《通用规范汉字表》、方便古籍阅读、促进海峡两岸及港澳地区交流。繁体字和异体字的使用,遵循《中华人民共和国国家通用语言文字法》的规定。＂表中共收录了3120个规范字及其相应的繁体字、异体字,包括2546个规范字相对应的2574个繁体字、794组共1023个异体字。值得注意的是,《对照表》对96组一个规范字对应多个繁体字（或传承字）的字际关系进行了分解,表现出其处理相关问题的科学性。我们就以本表为基础,对照台湾《常用国字标准字体表》,对两岸字用、字形存在的差异问题作进一步的探讨与说明。

The List of General Standard Chinese Characters has the appendix of A List of Stand-ard Chinese Characters ,Traditional Chinese Characters and Variant Chinese Characters ,which aims to help the correct use of The List of General Standard Chinese Characters on both sides of the Tai-wan Straits as well as in Hong Kong and Macao of China,a better understanding of the Chinese clas-sics,and a further promotion of the cross-strait cultural exchange on the basis of the Law of the Peo-ple''s Republic of China on the Standard Spoken and Written Chinese. This list has 3,120 standard characters and the corresponding traditional Chinese characters and allographs,including 2,574 tradi-tional Chinese characters in correspondence with 2,546 standard characters,1,023 allographs in 794 groups.It is praiseworthy that the List explains the relationships in 96 groups between standard Chi-nese characters and their several corresponding traditional Chinese characters,which reflects the sci-entific

《康熙字典》对古文的搜罗可谓宏博。全书十二集,列有古文的字头近一千三百个,所收录的古文异体更多达二千二百字。经过梳理,发现它们与字头之间不只是异体字的关系,还有假借、同义换读等关系。在利用《康熙字典》古文材料时,一定要细加甄辨,查明真伪,区别对待这些材料,发挥其在古文字研究中应有的价值与作用。

Kangxi Dictionary collects a variety of ancient Chinese proses. In its twelve series of books, are listed about one thousand and three hundred radicals of ancient Chinese characters, including over two thousand and two hundred variants of Chinese characters. By investigation, the relationship among radicals is not only considered as variant Chinese characters, but also guise and synonym transfer. Be cautious when using the materials of ancient Chinese proses in Kangxi Dictionary. All the materials should be carefully studied and adapted based on their different functions. In this way, their value can be fully developed in research on ancient Chinese proses.

本文以“客”的甲骨文、金文、篆文三种字形讨论其演变轨迹，并结合东巴文分析“口”实为“凵”的异体字，进而追溯“客”的造字本义。

In this paper,"guest"Oracle, Jin, Zhuanwen, and three kinds of shaped to discuss the trajectory of its evolution, combined with Dongba retrospective analysis"mouth"actually"Kan"variant, which defined the original meaning of"guest".