目的 探讨胶体金免疫层析试验检测法(gold immunochromatography assay,GICA)在检测急诊病人乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原、丙型肝炎病毒抗体、人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体中的临床应用价值.方法 随机选择2010年2月至2013年2月在四川省双流县第一人民医院就诊患者1080人作为研究对象,采集患者血清标本进行GICA与酶联免疫吸附测定(enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay,ELISA).以ELISA法检测结果为金标准,计算GICA检测乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原、丙型肝炎病毒抗体、人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体的灵敏度、特异度、漏诊率和准确性.结果 用GICA检测乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原的灵敏度为91.3％ (21/23),特异度为99.6％(1053/1057),漏诊率为8.7％ (2/23),准确性为99.4％(1074/1080)；应用GICA检测抗丙型肝炎病毒抗体的灵敏度为57.1％(4/7),特异度为99.8％(1071/1073),漏诊率为42.9％(3/7),准确性为99.5％(1075/1080).应用GICA检测人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体的灵敏度、特异度和准确性为100.0％.结论 GICA可用于乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原和人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体的筛检,但对丙型肝炎病毒抗体的检测漏诊率高,不适宜用于丙型肝炎病毒抗体的筛检.

Objective To access the value of GICA in testing HBsAg,HCV-Ab and HIV-Ab in the emergency cases.Methods A total of 1080 serum specimens were collected from February 2010 to February 2013 in Shuangliu First People''s Hospital.ELISA and GICA were used to test.Taken ELISA as the gold standard,sensitivity,specificity,rate of fail to diagnosis and accuracy were calculated by using GICA.Resuits The sensitivity,specificity,rate of fail to diagnosis and accuracy were 91.3％,99.6％,8.7％ and 99.4％ respectively in testing HBsAg using GICA.In terms of HCV-Ab testing,the sensitivity,specificity,rate of fail to diagnosis and accuracy were 57.1％,99.8％,42.9％ and 99.5％ respectively.The indexs of sensitivity,specificity and accuracy were 100％ in testing HIV-Ab.Conclusions GICA is acceptable in screening HBsAg and HIV-Ab,but not suitable for screening HIV-Ab.

目的了解武汉市青山地区2 812例怀孕晚期妇女肝炎病毒感染情况。方法应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测孕晚期妇女血清中甲型肝炎病毒(HAV)、乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)、戊型肝炎病毒(HEV)血清学标志物;应用电化学发光免疫分析(ECLIA)检测血清中乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)浓度。结果检出HBsAg阳性210例,占7.47%;抗HCV阳性11例,占0.39%;抗HAV IgM阳性6例,占0.21%;抗HEV IgM阳性11例,占0.39%;抗HEV IgG阳性422例,占15.01%。结论在孕晚期妇女中,HBV感染情况应予以重视,坚持进行肝炎病毒感染血清标志物检测有重要意义。

Objective To study the hepatitis virus infections of 2 81 2 pregnant women during late pregnancy in Qingshan area of Wuhan city.Methods By enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA ),the hepatitis A virus (HAV),hepatitis B virus(HBV),hepatitis C virus(HCV)and hepatitis E virus(HEV)seromarkers were determined among the pregnant women during late pregnancy.Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA ) was used to determine the level of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg).Results There were 21 0 cases (7.47%)of HBsAg positive,1 1 cases (0.39%)of anti-HCV positive,6 cases (0.21%)of anti-HAV IgMpositive,1 1 cases (0.39%)of anti-HEV IgM positive and 422 cases (1 5 .01%)of anti-HEV IgG positive.Conclusions In pregnant women during late pregnancy,HBV infections should be paid more attention,and the determination of hepatitis virus infection seromarkers has an important significance.

了解新疆精神卫生中心住院精神病患者乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎病毒感染状况。方法:2009年1月-2012年12月收治精神病患者8490例,采用酶联免疫吸附试验方法检测乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、丙型肝炎病毒抗体(抗-HCV)。结果:8490例患者中,HBsAg阳性反应性558例(6.57%),略低于健康对照(7.52%)和国内其他地区精神病患者人群。抗-HCV阳性反应性153例(1.80%),高于健康对照(0.93%)和国内其他地区精神病患者人群。结论:住院精神病患者乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎病毒感染状况应引起临床和家庭重视,采取合理有效的措施,降低院内感染,减少家庭成员密切接触感染。

Objective:To understand the infection status of hospitalized mental patients with hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus in Xinjiang mental health center.Methods:8490 cases of mental patients were selected from January 2009 to December 2012.The hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) and hepatitis C virus antibody(anti-HCV) were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results:In 8490 cases,558 cases(6.57% ) were HBsAg positive reaction.It is slightly lower than that of the healthy control(7.52%) and mental patients in other districts.153 cases(1.80%) were anti-HCV positive reaction.It is higher than that of the healthy control(0.93%) and mental patients in other districts.Conclusion:The infection status of hospitalized mental patients with hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus should be given the clinical and family value.We should take effective measures to reduce the nosocomial infection,and reduce close contact with infected family members.

目的 探讨小儿肝功能损害的病因、临床特征,为肝功能损害的早期诊断及干预提供理论依据.方法 选取长春市儿童医院2010年8月至2013年12月住院诊断肝功能损害的患儿575例为研究对象.采集患儿血、尿、便及咽部分泌物标本,采用血培养法进行细菌检测及鉴定;荧光定量PCR方法进行弓形虫、巨细胞病毒、EB病毒、单纯疱疹病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、支原体DNA、轮状病毒、肠道病毒RNA病原检测;ELISA法做乙肝三对[乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)、抗乙型肝炎表面抗原的抗体(抗HBs)、乙型肝炎e抗原(HBeAg)、抗乙型肝炎e抗原的抗体(抗HBe)、抗乙型肝炎核心抗原的抗体(抗HBc)、乙肝核心抗体IgG和IgM(HBcAb-IgG和HBcAb-IgM)],甲型肝炎抗体,丙型肝炎抗体检测;质谱法进行血遗传代谢病筛查并收集患儿的临床资料,进行统计分析.结果 婴儿组304例,幼儿组139例,学龄前组71例,学龄组61例,各年龄组间比较,婴幼儿组占比例最高.感染性疾病占78.6％ (452/575),非感染性疾病4.3％(25/575),婴儿肝炎综合征中未明确病原的占17.0％(98/575).感染性疾病中,有211例检测出了病原,其中病毒感染189例(89.2％),细菌感染13例(6.1％),支原体感染8例(3.8％),弓形虫感染1例(0.5％).病毒感染所致肝功能损害中,巨细胞病毒感

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目的了解孕妇产前乙型肝炎病毒、丙型肝炎病毒、梅毒螺旋体和人类免疫缺陷病毒感染的4项检测结果的临床意义。方法对在本院待产的2 352例孕妇进行乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、丙型肝炎病毒抗体(抗-HCV)、人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体(抗-HIV)、梅毒(抗-TP)检测结果进行分析,HBsAg阳性者采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测HBV表面标志物,抗-HIV阳性者标本送往省疾病预防控制中心艾滋病确认实验室进行免疫印迹(Western blot)确认试验。结果2 352例孕妇中,HBsAg阳性率6.54%、抗-HCV阳性率0.97%、抗-HIV阳性率0.12%和抗-TP阳性率0.21%,HBV分布模式和交叉感染情况各异。结论为阻断和降低上述感染性疾病的母婴传播、避免医疗纠纷、预防医院感染等,孕妇产前感染4项检测具有重要意义。

Objective To investigate the results of prenatal hepatitis B, hepatitis C, syphilis and antibody to human immunodeifciency virus test in pregnant women. Methods Total of 2 352 cases pregnant women were detected with prenatal hepatitis B, hepatitis C, syphilis and antibody to human immunodeifciency virus, surface markers of HBV in patients with HBsAg positive detected by enzyme linked immune absorption assay (ELISA) HBV markers. Anti-HIV positive specimens were sent to the province center for diseases control and prevention AIDS conifrmed lab for conifrmation trial by Western blot. Results Among 2 352 cases of pregnant women, positive rate of HBsAg was 6.54%, anti-HCV positive rates 0.97%, positive anti-HIV and anti-TP were 6.54%and 0.21%,respectively. Distribution pattern of HBV and cross infection varies. Conclusions Prenatal detection of four infection markers maybe block and reduce the spread of infectious diseases through mother-to-child transmission, and prevent medical disputes a