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双语推荐：西尔维娅

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在《钟形罩》里，西尔维娅·普拉斯背离了对女性身体的传统书写，她把身体从传统文化的神话q-剥离出来，探讨了身体书写所揭示的女性内在心理意识和颠覆传统身体书写的美学意义，从而从身体层面解构压制女性的男权话语。
In The Bell Jar, Sylvia Plath breaks away from the traditional writing of female body. She aims to explore the psychological consciousness and the physical aestheticism by attempting to liberate the fe-male body from the myth of traditional culture, so as to deconstruct the male-dominating discourse.

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本文通过存在主义哲学论点对自白派女诗人西尔维娅·普拉斯的自传体小说《钟形罩》中三个重要人物的人生历程进行了解读。通过对"自为存在"的人在"自在世界"中的异化的分析,揭示了人类在现代社会中普遍存在的孤独感和虚无感的原因。
The Bell Jar is the only biographical novel written by Confessional poetess Sylvia Plath .This thesis interprets the unfortunate experiences of three main characters through the concepts of existen-tialism and reveals the reasons for the universal sense of loneliness and nothingness in modern society through examining alienation of being -for-itself in the world of being -in-itself .

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《钟形罩》是20世纪中期美国女诗人西尔维娅·普拉斯的一部自传体小说。长期以来，众多学者从疯癫、女性主义等角度分析文本中的女性榜样缺失、父权文化、理性疯癫等。然而，综合这些主题探讨该小说，会发现小说中构建的正是独裁、专制的权威帝国形象，帝国权力的扩张和支配无处不在。
The Bell Jar is an autobiographical novel of Sylvia Plath, an American female poet in the middle of the 20th century. Many scholars have explored its themes like the lack of female role models, patriarchal culture, rational madness from the point of mad-ness, feminist, etc. However, according to these themes, we will find that the author has constructed an autocratic, dictatorial empire in the novel, and the expansion and controlling of the imperial power are ubiquitous.

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《山羊或谁是西尔维娅？》：一个悲剧定义的注解是美国20世纪60年代著名剧作家爱德华·阿尔比的剧作。剧作中荒诞不经的语言、惊世骇俗的情节以及其揭示的深刻社会问题让这部剧作获得了美国戏剧界的最高荣誉奖——托尼奖。本文主要以列维纳斯的理论为依托，解读这部作品。把男主人公和山羊的关系放到人类与非人类之间的关系这个更广的角度之下进行探讨。
The Goat or,Who Is Sylvia?: Notes toward a Definition of Tragedy is a play written by Edward Albee,one of the most distinguished playwrights in the 1960s in United States. The absurd language and astonishing plots and the profound social problems it revealed let this play won the American theater’s highest honor---Tony Award. This paper mainly relying on the theory of Levinas and explore the relationship between the hero and the goat under a broader perspective of the human and non-human relationships.

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西尔维娅·瑟拉普教授所著的《中世纪伦敦商人阶层1300-1500》,合理评估了其时伦敦商人阶层的数量,细致分析了商人和乡绅间的对流问题,并对工商业中数量极少的女性从业者和帮工会问题给予了关注。由她对商人阶层参与政治、接受教育和从事慈善的研究中,不难窥见处于过渡时期的伦敦商人阶层传统性和先进性兼具的特点。城市经济社会的发展,助推了这一中间阶层的成长;同时,他们又加快了社会转型和变革的步伐。
Sylvia L. Thrupp, who wrote The Merchant Class of Medieval London, 1300-1500, evaluated the number of London merchant class at that time reasonably, analyzed the problem of fluxion between merchant class and gentry carefully, and gave attention to the few women in manufacture and business and help the fraternity. From her research on the merchant class in politics, education and philanthropy, it is not hard to see traditional and advanced characteristics both in the merchant class during the transitional period. The development of urban economy and society, promoted the growth of the middle strata, at the same time, they also accelerated the pace of social transformation and change.

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美国当代女性诗人西尔维娅·普拉斯的“母性诗歌系列”通过歌颂母性，开创了20世纪中后期美国女性诗人的重要流派，即“母亲诗人”。普拉斯的“母性诗歌系列”主要由两部分组成：第一部分，以她自己的儿女为创作对象和创作灵感来源的诗歌；第二部分，注重思考和探索母性体验与创作力之间关系的诗歌。从女性主义视角解读“母性诗歌”，旨在揭示诗人创作“母性诗歌”的重要意义，即诗人通过书写母性来确定自己的诗人身份、实现自我的转变，试图从自身的“三重困境”中走出。
Sylvia Plath, the contemporary American woman poet whose“motherhood poem sequence”virtually initi?ates through celebrating maternity what has become a significant genre for the mid- and late-century American women poets,“mother poets”. As a mother poet,Plath’s“motherhood poems”consist of two parts. Firstly, Plath wrote poems in which she used her children as her objects and inspiration. Secondly, she wrote poems to explore the correlation between maternity and creativity. This paper aims to reveal the significant implications of“mother?hood poems”through a feminist reading and concludes that the poet, through writing motherhood poems, attempts to establish her own identity as a poet, to realize the transformation of the self and to step out of the so-called“tri?ple-bind situation”.

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西尔维娅·普拉斯是美国现代诗坛极具艺术才华的女诗人，其写于1959年的《雪莉角》围绕外祖母位于海边的家而展开。由于普拉斯外祖母的家就在雪莉角且普拉斯和外祖母间有着深厚感情，学者一般认为这是首悼念外祖母的挽歌。突破普拉斯的个人叙事，采用苏珊·朗格的美学理论来分析，这首诗实际上是普拉斯创造的一个生活幻象，诗歌中的每个元素都只具符号性，不具真实性。这个幻象同时具有生命体征，它包含着人类的普遍情感，具有超越自白派的深层意蕴。
Sylvia Plath (1932-1963) is a very talented female poet in modern American poetry. She is famous for her highly personalized themes. Point Shirley, about her grandmother, was written in 1959. Since the home of Plath’s grandmother lies in the Point Shirley and Plath loves her grandmother very much, scholars generally consider it as an elegy mourning her grandmother. This paper regards the poem as a life image by using Susanne K. Langer ’s aesthetic theory. Every element in the poem is a symbol rather than a real thing. The image has features of life, contains human’s common feelings, and can surpass confessional poetry in its deep meanings.

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西尔维娅·普拉斯以其高度个性化的诗歌主题、离奇独特的意象、强劲激越的节奏而引人注目。她的诗化人生和人生诗化一直是评论界的焦点。国内普拉斯研究始于1980年代,时至今日,研究者们挖掘出她的诗作包含自我、生命观、女性主义和政治历史观这4个主题思想,并较深入地分析了她诗作中体现的自白风格。普拉斯研究要突破普拉斯的个人叙事,可从普拉斯跨大西洋背景探讨诗歌中的文化观,也可探讨诗歌与现代传媒的关系,探讨前辈诗人对其诗歌以及其诗歌对后辈诗人的影响。
Sylvia Plath (1932-1963)is a young and talented woman poet in modern American poetry. She is famous for her highly personalized poetry themes, bizarre unique images and strong agitated rhythm.She is good at putting life experiences into the poetry and poeticizing these life experiences,which has been the focus of critics.Domestic Plath research begins in the 1980s.So far,researchers have found four main themes which are self,outlook on life,feminism and political and historical views in her poems as well as analyzed her poems with the confession style.In this paper,the author find researchers have been confined in Plath’s personal narrative for about 30 years by summarizing domestic review.Therefore, the author calls on the following researchers to study her poems from more extensive perspectives.

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西尔维娅·普拉斯素以“自白派”诗人闻名，但是她的其他的文学身份--小说家、日记作者亦不容忽视。在其短暂的一生中，普拉斯视写作为书写生命的方式、自我宣泄的出口、建立自我身份的途径与向父权社会挑战的武器。普拉斯的文学创作受到了诸多作家的影响，她在彷徨、迷茫、畏惧与探索中逐渐形成了独特的诗歌和小说创作哲学，这在其日记中有一定的体现。普拉斯将其独特的创作哲学身体力行，使创作趋于完美，创立了一个普拉斯传奇，丰富了女性的书写历史，证明了天才的天赋与性别无关。
Though Sylvia Plath is often known as a “confessional”poet, her other literary abilities as a novelist, short story writer and diarist cannot be overlooked. In her short life, Plath used writing as a method of depicting life, an outlet to express herself, a way to establish her own identity and a weapon to challenge patriarchal society. Plath’s writings were influenced by many writers, but in hesitation, confusion and fear as well as exploration, she gradually formed her own distinct philosophy in poetry, short story and novel creation, which has been recorded in detail in her journals. Based on an interpretation of The Journals of Sylvia Plath and her representative works, the essay studies her philosophy of composition.

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