韩愈和欧阳修分别是唐宋两次古文运动的领袖。从时代背景、古文观念、文章作法等方面对韩愈、欧阳修进行全方位的比较,可以发现,唐代古文运动是一次偏重文学性的运动,韩愈在其中扮演的是一个集大成者的角色;北宋的古文运动则是一次儒学性的运动,欧阳修占据了不可或缺的枢纽性地位。

Han Yu and Ouyang Xiu are the leaders of the two ancient prose movements in Tang dynasty and Song dynasty. Through the comprehensive comparison between Han Yu and Ouyang Xiu from the aspects of era background, article concept and writing methods, the ancient prose movement in Tang dynasty is a literary movement, and Han Yu plays a synthesizer role in it. At the same time, Ouyang Xiu occupies an indispensable position in the ancient movement in Song dynasty.

宋明理学的产生是中国思想史上的重大事件，是儒学发展的重要阶段，然溯其源头可至唐中叶的韩愈和李翱。韩愈站在时代的高度，痛斥佛老，力图重振儒学，为此他提出了著名的“道统”论和“性三品”说，其道统思想上承孔孟、下启程朱，开宋代理学道统论之先河，是承前启后，联结两端的中间环节。与韩愈亦师亦友的李翱修正了韩愈的“性三品”说，提出了“性善情恶”的“复性”说，这不仅开启了理学心性论的先河，也为宋代理学融合三教做出了表率。据此而言，以韩愈和李翱为代表的儒学复兴运动，可以算是宋代理学的先导。

The emergence of Neo-Confucianism was a major event in Chinese ideology history and it was an important stage in the development of Confucianism,yet its origin traced back to Han Yu and Li Ao in the middle period of the Tang Dynasty. Han Yu stood in the height of the times,denouncing the Buddhism,and in order to revive Confucianism,he put forward to the famous"Confucian orthodoxy"and "doctrine of three classes of human nature".His Confucian orthodoxy which was an inter-mediate link developed from Confucius and Mencius but it introduced the Confucian orthodoxy of Neo-Confucianism in Song Dynasty.Han Yu''s mentor Li Ao revised Han Yu''s doctrine of three classes of human nature and proposed "nstincts",that is, good nature and evil feeling,which pioneered the Confucian theory of mind and played an exemplary role to Neo-Confucianism''s fusions of Confucianism,Taoism,Buddhism in Song dynasty.Accordingly,the revival of Confucianism by Han Yu and Li Ao as the representative could be

韩愈的《南海神广利王庙碑》记载了唐代广州刺史孔戣治理岭南的经验,以及唐代祭海的习俗.碑文还最早出现了"海事"一词.同时,碑文的结构安排巧妙,想象丰富奇特,语言精粹隽美.因此,韩愈碑不仅具有重要的历史价值,还具有较高的文学价值.

The inscription on Nanhai God''s monument , composed by Han Yu , has documented the custom of worshipping the sea and administered experiences of Lingnan District from Kong Kui , the provincial governor in Tang Dynasty .The description ,“maritime affairs”, is first mentioned in this monument''s writing .With elaborately arranged structure , fabulous imagination and beautiful language , this inscription from Han Yu is undoubtedly with not only historical importance , but also high literary value .

当北宋"尊韩排佛"浪潮被以欧阳修为核心的古文创作群体推至巅峰之时,契嵩选择了以古文"非韩护法"策略,代表了当时韩愈批判的最强音。契嵩对韩愈的批判是全面的,其中有关文学方面的内容主要有:否定韩文的传道功能、把韩愈定位为"文词人",批评韩文构思怪诞、思理不周、语言随意等弊病,这些批评都是以儒家思想为圭臬的,其背后隐藏着援儒护佛的真实动机。契嵩"非韩"具有重要的文学价值,不仅对他本人的古文写作产生了重要影响,更开启了稍后理学家"重道轻文"文学批评的先河,从而使他成为理学文论的先驱者。

In the Northern Song Dynasty,Qi Song,the bravest defender of Buddhism,critiqued Han Yu vigorously,when the movement of opposition to Buddhism was pushed to a climax by Ouyang Xiu''s praise of Han.Qi Song''s critique of Han was comprehensive in the area of literature,such as weird conception,ideo-logical confusion and careless expression.It is based on Confucianism with the real purpose to protect Bud-dhism.It was also of significant literary value,which not only influenced his own writing,but also pio-neered the critique of“Tao''s superiority to style”,so Qi Song is a pioneer of Neo Confucians.

《新唐书·五行志》所录唐代寒燠异常现象，首见于显庆四年（659），至中唐时期（765-835）而明显加剧，除了贞元十九年（803）的三月大雪、夏季亢旱、秋天早霜，甚至在元和十五年（820）至长庆元年（821）先后出现了三月雹、八月雪、仲春二月海水冰的寒燠异常极端气候。与《五行志》的记载相比较，中唐诗人的寒/燠感知与书写，整体而言，未能充分反映当时剧烈的寒燠异常现象，并且集中在白居易与韩愈两大家身上。藉由韩愈、白居易对寒/燠的同时异感，探讨诗人对自然环境变迁议题的敏感度与掌握能力，以期能对诗歌的抒情传统与自然环境的变迁有所回应。

The records of temperature disorder appear in Xin Tang Shu several times . The first one was marked in 659 A . D . Then , numerous extreme weathers were noted in the middle period of the Tang Dynasty . There was heavy snow in March , serious drought in the summer , and especially the sudden snow in August and chilly weather in the spring through 820 to 821 A .D .Interestingly ,the perceptions and the writings of temperature disorder in Tang poetry is opposite to the record in Xin Tang Shu .If we examine the poetry of Han Yu and Bai Juyi ,we can find that their writings of climatic variation did not match with the Xin Tang Shu . Besides , Han Yu and Bai Juyi seemed to perceive the temperature diversely . Therefore , this paper aimed at the diverse perceptions of Han Yu and Bai Juyi . With the study on the poets''sensitivity and capacity for the climatic variation ,it helps reflect on the connection between“Lyrical T radition”and climatic variation .