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双语推荐：jack

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针对动作仿真软件JACK已不能满足虚拟维修训练和仿真需要的问题,设计基于JACK软件的虚拟维修动作生成系统。在分析某型防空火箭武器系统维修性的基础上,构建虚拟人维修动作生成系统的基本框架,根据我国国情对JACK软件人体模型的相关参数进行调整,在构建了虚拟人树形分层模型后,对IK算法进行改进,使生成的动作连贯、自然、流畅,并将生成的维修动作转化为JackScript脚本,在JACK仿真软件中进行虚拟人的维修动作仿真。当前这种维修动作生成设计已应用于某型防空火箭武器系统虚拟维修仿真中。
The motion simulation software JACK can’t meet the requirements of virtual maintenance training and simulation, design virtual maintenance motion generation system based on JACK software. Based on analyzing certain type air defense rocket weapon system maintenance, establish basic frame of virtual human maintenance motion generation system. According to domestic situations, debug corresponding parameters of JACK software human model, after establish virtual human tree stratification model, improve IK algorithm to make the motion coherent, natural and fluent. At last change the maintenance motion into JackScript script, simulate virtual human maintenance motion in JACK simulation. The design has been applied into certain type air strike rocket weapon system virtual maintenance simulation.

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在民用飞机产品的设计阶段考虑产品的可维修性,利用JACK软件对机务维修任务进行虚拟仿真以及对维修的舒适性、可达性、可视性进行人机工效评估,验证产品的可维修性并提出改进性的维修意见。首先将基于人机工效学设计的发动机UG模型导入JACK软件中创建分析对象;然后基于JACK建立虚拟人体模型,将虚拟人、维修对象导入三维虚拟环境中,并在任务仿真模块中完成维修任务的仿真;最后利用JACK软件的人机工效评估工具对维修任务仿真结果进行评估验证产品的可维修性及提出改进性的维修意见,这样既降低了飞机的维修成本,又验证了产品的可维修性。
To design of civilian aircraft product, the author uses the application of human-computer ergonomics principle and JACK software to simulate civil aircraft maintenance task and assess the ergonomic. Firstly, the engine UG model is imported to JACK software to creat the analysis objects and simulation objects. Secondly, virtual human body model is set up, then the virtual people and maintenance object are put into 3D virtual environment. In the simulation module, the maintenance task simulation is completed. Finally, JACK software ergonomic assessment tools are used to evaluate maintenance task simulation results and the improvement opinion is put forward which verify the serviceability of the product and reduce the manufacture cost.

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The anti-overturning ability and structure safety of jack-up unit in in-place condition are often affected by environment loads,especially wind load.According to the MODU rule,the projected area method is used for calculating the wind load.However,the calculated results are conservative and not good for structure optimization design.In this paper,a 400 ft jack-up is studied as an example.Based on the wind tunnel test and numerical simulation method,some key points of wind load calculation,such as shielding effect,lift effect and shape coefficient of component,are discussed.The study shows that the points mentioned above,which are ignored in the MODU rule calculation,result in the conservative result.
The anti-overturning ability and structure safety of jack-up unit in in-place condition are often affected by environment loads, especially wind load. According to the MODU rule, the projected area method is used for calculating the wind load. However, the calculated results are conservative and not good for structure optimization design. In this paper, a 400 ft jack-up is studied as an example. Based on the wind tunnel test and numerical simulation method, some key points of wind load calculation, such as shielding effect, lift effect and shape coefficient of component, are discussed. The study shows that the points mentioned above, which are ignored in the MODU rule calculation, result in the conservative result.

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分析了目前手榴弹投掷训练存在的一些问题和研究方法，模拟仿真了基于虚拟现实技术、N-vision平台、3ds Max以及JACK建立的手榴弹实弹投掷场景，再现优秀训练者的技术动作和细微环节、教练员的意图，采用交互漫游，增强了沉浸感，从而提高训练质量，降低安全隐患风险。
Some problems currently existing in grenade throwing training and research methods are analyzed,simulation is based on virtual reality technology,N - vision platform,3 ds Max and JACK built grenades live scenes,represent the best trainer of technical action and subtle link,the intention of coaches,adopting interactive roaming,strengthens the immersive,so as to improve the quality of training,reduce the risk of potential safety concerns.

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基于Delphi专家排序，对传统AHP-Fuzzy算法从问卷数据处理和比较矩阵建立两个方向进行了改进，使该算法更适合Jack虚拟环境下的人机布局评价。侧重于工作空间中操纵器的人机布局虚拟评价。为解决目前人因工程分析工具几乎不考虑人在特定环境下的心理与生理感知的不足问题，将Jack人因分析工具分析出的客观数据与Delphi法相结合。在数据处理过程中，鉴于传统AHP-Fuzzy对评价指标两两对比时的整数赋值，不能很好地反映人类判断的模糊性，基于Delphi排序对AHP-Fuzzy进行了改进，可节约专家时间，并避免对判断矩阵进行一系列一致性检验与调整，减少部分计算量。使用飞机驾驶舱操纵器的人机布局虚拟评价进行了实例分析与验证。
Based on Delphi sequence, AHP-Fuzzy is improved from processing the figures of surveys and the form of building matrices, so that the algorithm is more suitable for the ergonomic layout virtual assessment focusing on facilities largely. To solve the problem that ergonomics analysis tools don’t contain the human beings’physiological feelings in the specific environment, the figures analyzed by Jack are analyzed again combined with the data using Delphi to make up for the deficiency. In the traditional AHP-Fuzzy, an evaluation index is an integral multiple of another about the important yardstick, so that it can’t show the fuzziness of human judgments. Not only can the improved AHP-Fuzzy overcome this disadvantage, it also can save time of experts and reduce the number of consistency checks. The light business airplane is taken for example to verify the feasibility of the ergonomic layout virtual assessment.

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针对目前虚拟维修性验证仿真研究中缺乏对维修时间进行仿真的不足,提出一种基于＂维修动素标准时间＂的虚拟人维修时间的仿真方法。分析了中外仿真方法的不足,将维修过程进行分解至维修动素层,并引入维修动素标准时间这一新的概念,开发了适用于Jack软件的维修动素时间辅助系统,实现了虚拟环境中产品维修时间的统计。仿真结果验证了该系统的可行性,为产品研制阶段同步并行维修性时间指标验证工作提供了参考。
In view of the current situation of being unable to simulate repair time in virtual maintenance simulation, decomposing a virtual maintenance time simulation method based on “repair therblig standard time”.Analyze the disadvantages of foreign and domestic simulation methods, decomposing the maintenance process to move grain layer, and introduce the new concept of maintenance therblig standard time, then develop a maintenance dynamic time auxiliary system which is suitable for Jack software, realizing the virtual environment of product maintenance time statistics. The simulation result verifies the feasibility of the system, providing reference for the product development phase synchronous parallel maintainability time index validation work.

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顶升设备和顶升方式不同将对桥梁结构安全产生不同的影响。针对顶力同步顶升施工对桥梁结构的影响进行分析,结果表明:位移同步顶升对桥梁的不利影响远远小于顶力同步顶升,施工时应优先选择位移同步顶升设备,既可避免因顶升施工对桥梁结构造成损害,又可降低工程风险,提高施工效率。
Different jacking equipments and modes will produce different influences on bridge structures. This paper analyzes influences of construction in synchronous jack-up of jacking force on bridge structures, the results show that adverse influences of synchronous jack-up of displacement on bridges are much less than synchronous jack-up of jacking force, during construction synchronous jack-up equipments of displacement should be selected in priority, not only to avoid damages of jack-up construction to bridge structures, but also to reduce project risks and improving construction efficiency.

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网络时代的来临使得同性恋群体的交往方式发生了很大变化。文章通过对J市437名男同性恋者的访谈调查，发现如今该群体成员较少依赖传统交往方式进行沟通与交流，更多地是通过QQ（群）、微信、Blued、同志网站以及Jack’ d等新型交往方式进行社会互动。这些新型交往方式对构建男同性恋者的自我身份认同有着重要作用。另外，在择偶标准中，相比职业、收入以及教育水平等社会经济地位属性而言，男同性恋者们更注重对方的长相、性角色以及年龄等先赋属性或生理特征。然而，由于择偶的类型化偏好，面对生理需求，许多男同性恋者借助新型交往方式来寻找性伴侣，从而导致意外的社会后果。
The Internet has brought about marvelous changes to the ways of communication of homosexu-als. This study investigated 437 gays in J city and found out that gays nowadays depended much less on tradi-tional methods than before when they communicated and exchanged with each other. More often, they conduc-ted social interactions through new ways such as QQ, We-chat, Blued, homosexual websites and Jack ’ d, which had played a great role in constructing self-identity of gays. When it comes to mating criteria, gays pay more attention to ascribed nature or physiological characteristics such as appearance, size of penis, sex role rather than socioeconomic status factors such as profession, income and educational level when they chose their partners. However, unexpected social outcome occurred as many gays possessed stylized preference to their partners and sought sexual partners in new ways of communication when faced with physiological needs.

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液压千斤顶作为地面支撑设备,可以方便升起和降下飞机。为了保证飞机的安全,在某型飞机载荷校准试验中,需要实时监控其垂向受载,使用千斤顶来限制飞机前机身的垂向位移。本文创新性地将原机千斤顶改造成具有测载功能的千斤顶,并在相关试验中得以应用。结果表明,改造后测载千斤顶在使用过程中安全可靠,而且节省了大量的试验经费。
The hydraulic jack is used on aircraft as ground support equipment,and the jack can raise and lower the aircraft easily.In an aircraft load calibration test,the jack is used to limit the vertical displacement of aircraft’s forward fuselage.The real-time monitoring of its vertical load is required in order to guarantee the safety of the aircraft.Therefore,the original jack should be transformed,so that the jack has the function of measuring load.The modified jack has been ap-plied in the related tests.The results show that modified jack is safe and reliable during the us-age,and also saves a lot of trial funding.

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根据成都市红牌楼立交桥整体顶升施工技术实践，对交替式顶升施工技术方案进行了可行性研究，阐明了整体顶升技术、顶升施工过程中钢支撑托架系统、限位系统及正式顶升关键工序等重要环节的关键施工技术要点，最终顺利安全实现了桥梁整体顶升施工。工程实践说明：采用交替式顶升方案，能消除顶升时因千斤顶失效而出现的安全隐患，保证整个顶升过程中安全可靠。
According to the construction practice of entire jacking of Chengdu Hongpailou interchange approach bridge, feasibility study on alternating jacking construction scheme is performed, the key technical points of jacking construction process are introduced such as entire jacking technology, bracket system, limiting location system and the formal lifting technology. The entire jacking construction of bridge strengthening is fulfilled smoothly. Engineering practice shows that alternating lifting construction can eliminate the emergence security risks due to the jack lifting failures, ensure the entire lifting process safe and reliable.

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